Building Automation Controllers and Network Solutions

The LTC9111 is an IEEE 802.3cg compliant Single-Pair Power over Ethernet (SPoE) Powered Device (PD) controller. A wide 2.3V to 60V operating range capability with polarity correction make the LTC9111 particularly well suited for classification-based systems in building and factory automation.

SCCP-based classification ensures full operating voltage is applied by the Power Sourcing Equipment (PSE) only when a valid PD is connected. The LTC9111 drives two external N-channel MOSFET switches during classification with micropower operation to minimize reservoir capacitor requirements. An external N-channel MOSFET switch isolates the output capacitance from the connector during classification and inrush. A voltage supervisor enables the external MOSFET when the PD input voltage exceeds the ON voltage threshold for the configured class and after a mandated delay. The EN output asserts after the controlled GATE pin ramp-up. The MOSFET is disabled if the input voltage drops below the OFF voltage threshold for the configured class. The LTC9111 drives a pair of external low-side N-channel MOSFETs with a low start-up voltage of 1.6V for polarity correction with reduced power losses.

APPLICATIONS

• Building Automation
• Factory Automation
• Security Systems
• Traffic Control Systems

The LTC4296-1 is an IEEE 802.3cg-compliant, five port, single-pair power over Ethernet (SPoE), power sourcing equipment (PSE) controller. SPoE simplifies system design and installation with standardized power and Ethernet data over a single-pair cable. The LTC4296-1 is designed for interoperability with 802.3cg powered devices (PDs) in 24 V or 54 V systems. The LTC4296-1 delivers power using external, low drain-to-source on resistance (R_DS(ON)), N-channel metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs), which minimize voltage drop and ensure application ruggedness.

High-side circuit breakers with foldback, analog current limit (ACL) provide controlled inrush and short-circuit protection. An optional low-side circuit breaker protects the negative output against backfeed faults, and ground faults in nonisolated applications. PD classification via the serial communication classification protocol (SCCP) and maintain full voltage signature (MFVS) ensure that the full operating voltage is only applied to the cable when a PD is present. The SWx pins disconnect port power snubbers during detection and classification. PD initiated sleep and wake-up are supported. The WAKEUP pin supports wake-up forwarding. Telemetry, status, and software control features are accessed via a serial peripheral interface (SPI) bus interface with packet error code (PEC) protection.

The LTC4296-1 provides a versatile SPoE, PSE solution for 10BASE-T1L controllers and switches and can easily be integrated with the Analog Devices, Inc., 10BASE-T1L transceiver portfolio, such as the ADIN1100 (physical layer, PHY), ADIN1110 (MACPHY), and ADIN2111 (2-port switch).

APPLICATIONS

• Operational technology (OT) systems
• Building and factory automation systems
• Field instruments and switches
• Security systems
• Traffic control systems

In the Darwin family, the MAX32670 is an ultra-low-power, cost-effective, high-reliability 32-bit microcon- trollers enabling designs with complex sensor processing without compromising battery life. It combines a flexible and versatile power management unit with the powerful Arm^® Cortex^®-M4 processor with a floating point unit (FPU). It also offers legacy designs an easy and cost optimal upgrade path from 8- or 16-bit microcontrollers.

The devices integrates up to 384KB (376KB user) of flash memory and 160KB of SRAM to accommodate application and sensor code. Error correction coding (ECC), capable of single error correction and double error detection (SEC-DED), is implemented over the entire flash, RAM, and cache to ensure ultra-reliable code execution for demanding applications. Additional features such as the two windowed watchdog timers with fully flexible and independent clocking have been added to further enhance reliable operation. Brown-out detection ensures proper operation during power-down/power-up events and unexpected supply transients.

Multiple high-speed peripherals such as 3.4MHz I²C, 50MHz SPI, and 4MBd UARTs are included to maximize communication bandwidth. In addition, a low-power UART is available for operation in the lowest power sleep modes to facilitate wakeup on activity without any loss of data. A total of six timers with I/O capability are provided, including two low-power timers to enable pulse counting, capture/compare and PWM generation even in the lowest-power sleep modes. All of this capability is packaged in a tiny form factor: 5mm x 5mm, 40-pin TQFN-EP or 1.75mm × 2.50mm, 24-bump WLP.

Applications

• Algorithm Coprocessor
• Battery-Powered Medical Devices
• Industrial Sensors
• Optical Communication Modules
• Secure Radio Modem Controller
• Smart Sensor Controller
• System Housekeeping Controller

The LT4295 is an IEEE 802.3af/at/bt-compliant powered device (PD) interface controller with a switching regulator controller. The T2P output indicates the number of classification events received during IEEE 802.3bt-compliant mutual identification and negotiation of available power.

The LT4295 supports both forward and flyback power supply topologies. The flyback topology supports No-Opto feedback. Auxiliary input voltages can be accurately sensed with just a resistor divider connected to the AUX pin.

The LT4295 utilizes an external, low R_DS(on) N-channel hot swap MOSFET and supports the LT4320/LT4321 ideal diode bridges, to extend the end-to-end power delivery efficiency and eliminate costly heat sinks.

The LT4295 also includes an on-chip detection signature resistor, thermal protection, slope compensation, and many user configurable settings including classification signature, inrush current, switcher frequency, gate drive delay, soft-start and load compensation.

Applications

• High Power Wireless Data Systems
• Outdoor Security Camera Equipment
• Commercial and Public Information Displays
• High Temperature Applications

The LT4321 is a dual ideal diode bridge controller that enables a Power over Ethernet (PoE) powered device (PD) to receive power in either voltage polarity from RJ-45 data pairs, spare pairs, or both. The LT4321 and eight N-channel MOSFETs replace the eight diodes in a passive PoE rectifier bridge. The LT4321 eases thermal design and increases delivered power.

An internal charge pump allows an all-NMOS bridge eliminating larger and more costly PMOS switches. The LT4321 works with 2-pair and 4-pair applications. High impedance input sense pins prevent reverse current on unused pairs. If the power source fails or is shorted, a fast turn-off minimizes reverse current transients. Unlike discrete ideal bridge solutions, the LT4321 will operate through transients without enabling the MOSFETs on unpowered pairs.

Applications

• PoE/PoE+/ LTPoE++ Powered Devices
• DC Polarity Correction and Ideal Diode-ORing of Telecom Supplies

The ADIN2111 is a low power, 2-port 10BASE-T1L transceiver designed for industrial Ethernet applications, and is compliant with the IEEE^® 802.3cg-2019^™ Ethernet standard for long reach, 10 Mbps single pair Ethernet (SPE). Featuring an integrated media access control (MAC) and a switch, the ADIN2111 enables direct connectivity with a variety of controllers via a serial peripheral interface (SPI). The switch (cut through or store and forward) supports various routing configurations between the two Ethernet ports and the SPI host port providing a flexible solution for line, daisy-chain, or ring network topologies.

The ADIN2111 can be used in unmanaged configurations where the device automatically forwards the traffic between the two Ethernet ports.

The device integrates the switch, two Ethernet physical layer (PHY) cores with a MAC interface and all the associated analog circuitry, and input and output clock buffering. The device also includes internal buffer queues, the SPI and subsystem registers, as well as the control logic to manage the reset and clock control and hardware pin configuration.

The ADIN2111 has an integrated voltage supply monitoring circuit and power-on reset (POR) circuitry to improve system level robustness. The 4-wire SPI for communication with the host can be configured to OPEN Alliance SPI or generic SPI. Both modes support optional data protection or cyclic redundancy check (CRC).

APPLICATIONS

• Building automation and fire safety
• Factory automation
• Condition monitoring and machine connectivity

The ADIN1110 is an ultra low power, single port, 10BASE-T1L transceiver design for industrial Ethernet applications and is compliant with the IEEE^® 802.3cg-2019^™ Ethernet standard for long reach, 10 Mbps single pair Ethernet (SPE). Featuring an integrated media access control (MAC) interface, the ADIN1110 enables direct connectivity with a variety of host controllers via a 4-wire serial peripheral interface (SPI). This SPI enables the use of lower power processors without an integrated MAC, which provides for the lowest overall system level power consumption. The SPI can be configured to use the Open Alliance SPI protocol or a generic SPI protocol.

The programmable transmit levels, external termination resistors, and independent receive and transmit pins make the ADIN1110 suited to intrinsic safety applications.

The ADIN1110 has an integrated voltage supply monitoring and power-on reset (POR) circuitry to improve system level robustness.

The ADIN1110 is available in a 40-lead, 6 mm × 6 mm lead frame chip scale package (LFCSP).

APPLICATIONS

• Field instruments
• Building automation and fire safety
• Factory automation
• Edge sensors and actuators
• Condition monitoring and machine connectivity

The ADIN1100 is a low power, single port, 10BASE-T1L transceiver designed for industrial Ethernet applications and is compliant with the IEEE^® 802.3cg-2019^™ Ethernet standard for long reach 10 Mbps single pair Ethernet (SPE). The ADIN1100 integrates an Ethernet PHY core with all the associated analog circuitry, input and output clock buffering, the management interface control register and subsystem registers, as well as the MAC interface and control logic to manage the reset, clock control, and pin configuration.

The ADIN1100 supports cable reach of up to 1700 meters with autonegotiation enabled and has ultra low power consumption of 39 mW.

The PHY core supports the 1.0 V p-p operating mode and the 2.4 V p-p operating mode defined in the IEEE 802.3cg standard and can operate from a single power supply rail of 1.8 V or 3.3 V, with the lower voltage option supporting the 1.0 V p-p transmit voltage level.

The ADIN1100 has an integrated voltage supply monitoring circuit and power-on reset (POR) circuitry to improve system level robustness.

The MDIO interface is a 2-wire serial interface for communication between a host processor or MAC and the ADIN1100, thereby allowing access to control and status information in the PHY core management registers. This interface is compatible with both the IEEE 802.3 Standard Clause 22 and Clause 45 management frame structures.

APPLICATIONS

• Process Control
• Factory Automation
• Building Automation
• Field instruments and switches

The AD74412R is a quad-channel software configurable input/output solution for building and process control applications. The AD74412R contains functionality for analog output, analog input, digital input, and resistance temperature detector (RTD) measurements integrated into a single chip solution with an interface compatible with the serial port interface (SPI).

The device features a 16-bit, Σ-∆ analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and four configurable, 13-bit digital-to-analog converters (DACs) to provide four configurable input/output channels and a suite of diagnostic functions.

There are several modes related to the AD74412R. These modes are voltage output, current output, voltage input, externally powered current input, loop powered current input, external RTD measurement, digital input logic, and loop powered digital input.

The AD74412R contains a high accuracy 2.5 V internal reference to drive the DACs and the ADC.

Product Highlights

1. Quad-Channel, Software Configurable Channels.
2. Built In Diagnostics and Alert Features.
3. Robust Architecture. Surge tested to ±1 kV, per the IEC61000-4-5 standard, on the input/output terminals with unshielded cables.

Applications 

• Building control systems
• Process control
• Industrial automation
  
   

The ADIN1300 is a low power, single port, Gigabit Ethernet transceiver with low latency and power consumption specifications primarily designed for industrial Ethernet applications.

This design integrates an energy efficient Ethernet (EEE) physical layer device (PHY) core with all associated common analog circuitry, input and output clock buffering, management interface and subsystem registers, and MAC interface and control logic to manage the reset and clock control and pin configuration.

The ADIN1300 is available in a 6 mm × 6 mm, 40-lead lead frame chip scale package (LFCSP). The device operates with a minimum of 2 power supplies, 0.9 V and 3.3 V, assuming the use of a 3.3 V MAC interface supply. For maximum flexibility in system level design, a separate VDDIO supply enables the management data input/output (MDIO) and MAC interface supply voltages to be configured independently of the other circuitry on the ADIN1300, allowing operation at 1.8 V, 2.5 V, or 3.3 V. At power-up, the ADIN1300 is held in hardware reset until each of the supplies has crossed its minimum rising threshold value. Brown-out protection is provided by monitoring the supplies to detect if one or more supply drops below a minimum falling threshold (see Table 19 on the datasheet), and holding the device in hardware reset until the power supplies return and satisfy the power-on reset (POR) circuit.

The MII management interface (also referred to as MDIO interface) provides a 2-wire serial interface between a host processor or MAC (also known as management station (STA)) and the ADIN1300, allowing access to control and status information in the PHY core management registers. The interface is compatible with both the IEEE 802.3 Standard Clause 22 and Clause 45 management frame structures.

The ADIN1300 can support cable lengths up to 150 meters at Gigabit speeds and 180 meters when operating at 100 Mbps or 10 Mbps.

Applications

• Industrial automation
• Process control
• Factory automation
• Robotics/motion control
• Time sensitive networking (TSN)
• Building automation
• Test and measurement
• Industrial internet of things (IoT)

The MAXQ1065 is a security coprocessor that provides turnkey cryptographic functions for root-of-trust, mutual authentication, data confidentiality and integrity, secure boot, secure firmware update, and secure communications with generic key exchange and bulk encryption or complete TLS support. The device integrates 8KB of secure storage for user data, keys, certificates, and counters with user-defined access control and life cycle management. It also has a configurable output pin and a tamper input pin. Commands are accessible through a standard SPI interface.

The MAXQ1065's low power consumption makes it suitable for battery-powered applications, and the extremely reduced footprint and pin count allow easy integration into medical and wearable devices. Its lifetime and operating range make it compatible with long-term deployments in harsh environments. The MAXQ1065 life cycle management allows flexible access control rules during the major life cycle stages of the device. Secure key loading protocol and secure factory preprogramming are available.

DeepCover^® embedded security solutions cloak sensitive data under multiple layers of advanced security to provide the most secure key storage possible. To protect against device-level security attacks, invasive and noninvasive countermeasures are implemented including active die shield, encrypted storage of keys using the ChipDNA PUF technology, and externally callable algorithmic subroutines.

Applications

• Anti-cloning, Anti-counterfeiting, Feature and Usage Control
• Certificate Management
• Mutual Authentication
• Secure Boot, Secure Firmware Update
• Secure Communication: Key Exchange, TLS
• Secure Data Storage
• System-Level Tamper Protection and Integrity

The EVAL-SPoE-KIT-AZ is an IEEE 802.3cg single-pair, power over Ethernet (SPoE) evaluation kit. The kit features the LTC4296-1, 5-Port SPoE power sourcing equipment (PSE) controller, and the LTC9111, SPoE powered device (PD) for evaluation of IEEE 802.3cg Class 10 through 15 SPoE power. The ADIN1100, 10BASE-T1L PHY provides the Ethernet data in the system.

The EVAL-ADIN2111EBZ is a flexible platform enabling quick evaluation of the ADIN2111, robust, low power 10BASE-T1L 2-Port Ethernet switch. The evaluation board provides 2 10BASE-T1L channels with 10Mbit per second Single Pair Ethernet (SPE) connections reaching up to 1.7km of link distance. The ADIN2111 internal switch can be configured in store and forward mode between the two 10BASE-T1L channels and the SPI host. Cut through mode is also available between Port 1 and Port 2 and can be used without the need of the SPI host (unmanaged configuration).

The evaluation board offers two modes of operation for maximum flexibility: Connected to a PC via USB port, the full set of ADIN2111 register settings and features such as link quality monitoring and diagnostics can be accessed over the USB using the serial command interface implemented in the evaluation firmware.

Alternatively, the board can operate in cut-through mode between Port 1 and Port 2 (unmanaged configuration without firmware) where the EVAL-ADIN2111EBZ acts as a network switch forwarding packets between the 2x 10BASE-T1L ports. The 2x links are configured by setting the ADIN2111 hardware configuration pins jumper and switches. The 2x On-board Activity LEDs provide Link activity status indication for each port.

Custom firmware can also be developed and the ADIN2111 driver support package includes simple project examples to start a custom implementation.

The SPI interface provides access to the management registers required for the switch configuration, the 2 PHYs configuration and data exchange between SPI host and ports.

The EVAL-ADIN1110EBZ is a flexible platform enabling quick evaluation of the ADIN1110, robust, low power 10BASE-T1L MAC-PHY. It provides 10Mbit per second Single Pair Ethernet (SPE) connections with devices across 1.7km of cable.

The evaluation board offers two modes of operation for maximum flexibility. Connected to a PC via USB port, the full set of ADIN1110 register settings and features such as link quality monitoring and diagnostics can be accessed over the USB using serial command interface. The board also provides an Arduino interface.

Alternatively, the board can operate in stand-alone mode where it is configured by setting hardware configuration links and switches. On-board LEDs provide status indication.

The SPI interface provides configuration and data access to the ADIN1110.

A small prototyping area and test points are provided for experimentation with alternative cable connection topologies including isolation transformers and/or power coupling inductors.

The EVAL-ADIN1100EBZ is a flexible platform enabling quick evaluation of the ADIN1100 robust, low power 10BASE-T1L PHY. The EVAL-ADIN1100EBZ provides 10 Mbps single pair Ethernet (SPE) connections with devices across 1.7 km of cable.

The evaluation board offers two modes of operation for maximum flexibility. Connected to a PC via USB port, the full set of ADIN1100 register settings and features such as link quality monitoring and diagnostics can be accessed with the ADIN1100 GUI software.

Alternatively, the EVAL-ADIN1100EBZ board can operate in stand-alone mode where it is configured by setting hardware configuration links and switches. On-board LEDs provide status indication.

The ADIN1100 data (MII, RMII, and RGMII) and management (MDIO) interfaces are accessible on header connectors for easy connection to an external host controller.

A small prototyping area and test points are provided for experimentation with alternative cable connection topologies including isolation transformers and/or power coupling inductors.

The platform can perform as a 10BASE-T1L to 10BASE-T media converter. This feature enables connection to other devices (demonstration boards or custom prototypes) with a 10BASE-T1L Ether-net port and conversion of the data to standard Ethernet, which is accessible via the RJ45 connector.

Full details about the ADIN1100 are available in the ADIN1100 data sheet, which must be consulted when using the EVAL-ADIN1100EBZ.

The EV-AD74412RSDZ (see Figure 1) is a fully featured evaluation board that can be used to evaluate the features of the AD74412R. The AD74412R is a quad-channel, software configurable, input/output device. The device has functionality for analog output, analog input, digital input, and resistance temperature detector (RTD) measurements integrated into a single-chip solution with a serial peripheral interface (SPI)- compatible interface. 

The EV-AD74412RSDZ can be controlled via a system demonstration platform (SDP). The EVAL-SDP-CS1Z (SDP-S) board allows the EV-AD74412RSDZ to be controlled via the USB port of a PC using the AD74412R evaluation software. 

The EVAL- AD74412RSDZ requires an AVDD operating supply of 14 V to 26.4 V. When the EV-AD74412RSDZ is connected to the PC, the PC provides power to the SDP-S board. 

For full details on the AD74412R, see the AD74412R data sheet, which must be consulted in conjunction with this user guide when using the EV-AD74412RSDZ. 

The EVAL-ADIN1300FMCZ allows simplified evaluation of the key features of the ADIN1300 robust, industrial, low latency 10 Mbps, 100 Mbps, 1 Gbps Ethernet physical layer (PHY). The evaluation board is powered by a single, external, 5 V supply. All chip supplies are regulated from this 5 V rail providing supply rails AVDD3P3, VDD0P9 and VDDIO for the device.

The P3 field programmable gate array (FPGA) mezzanine connector (FMC) is provided for connection to a master FPGA system for the media access control (MAC) interface and management data input/output (MDIO) control.

The MDIO can also be controlled via an optional MDIO interface dongle included as part of the kit.

Controller area network with flexible data rate (CAN FD) allows higher bandwidth communications demanded by multinode networks in industrial automation, HVAC, agriculture, and healthcare applications. The circuit shown in Figure 1 enables CAN FD bus connectivity data rates up to 8 Mbps on an Arduino Uno form factor platform by connecting with an existing serial peripheral interface (SPI) bus. 

The CAN FD transceiver has integrated signal and power reinforced isolation. The integrated isolated dc-to-dc converter draws power from the logic side to provide power to the bus side isolation channels and transceiver, and thus requires no external power on the CAN FD bus. 

The isolated transceiver has exceptional EMC robustness. An extended common-mode range of ±25 V exceeds the ISO11898-2:2016 requirement and offers a high tolerance to localized ground potential differences when receiving CAN frames. Integrated ESD protection offers IEC 61000-4-2 ESD protection on the CANH and CANL bus pins. The differential bus pins can withstand miswires and shorts to 24 V systems with ±40 V fault protection on the CANH and CANL pins. 

The CAN bus may connect two or hundreds of nodes. The connections may be made with different cable types, depending on application requirements. Cables may range from lower cost unshielded twisted pair like Cat5e cable to higher quality shielded cable like PROFIBUS cable. With any cable type, the ideal CAN bus daisy chains one node to the next and has terminations at both ends. Connections to the bus may be made either by screw terminal or the CAN CiA 303-1 male, 9-pin, sub-D port.

To implement the end of bus terminations, the circuit uses an integrated auxiliary isolated digital channel for runtime configuration of the bus termination. The switchable termination circuitry connects a 120 Ω split termination with commonmode filtering capacitor between the CAN bus lines. Switchable termination allows software configuration of termination locations when the CAN bus is changed. Using switchable termination, each board can be used for any node along the signal path simply by modifying the software. 

Additionally, the circuit can be configured at runtime via software to enter a reduced power standby mode. In this state, the isolated CAN FD transceiver responds only on receipt of the ISO11898-2:2016 defined remote wake-up sequence from a remote node.

The circuit shown in Figure 1 is a dual channel, low latency, low power Ethernet physical layer (PHY) card that supports 10 Mbps, 100 Mbps, and 1000 Mbps speeds for industrial Ethernet applications using line and ring network topologies.

Dual channels enable line and ring network topologies that are commonly used for industrial sensing, control, and distributed control systems. The Ethernet PHY was extensively tested for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and electrostatic discharge (ESD) robustness and supports automatic negotiation to enable linking with remote PHY devices at the highest common speed advertised. IEEE 1588 time stamping in the PHY reduces timing uncertainty in real-time applications and enhances link loss detection for redundant and real-time applications.

The circuit consists of two individual, independent 10 Mbps, 100 Mbps, and 1000 Mbps PHYs, each with an energy efficient Ethernet (EEE) PHY core with all the associated common analog circuitry, input and output clock buffering, management interface, subsystem registers, media access control (MAC) interface, and control logic.

The design is powered from the host field programmable gate array (FPGA) mezzanine card (FMC) development board, eliminating the need for an external power supply. A software programmable clock enables media independent interface (MII), reduced MII (RMII), and reduced Gigabit MII (RGMII) MAC interface modes. RJ45 ports with integrated magnetics keep the solution as compact as possible. The solution supports cable lengths up to 150 meters at gigabit speeds and up to 180 meters at 100 Mbps or 10 Mbps.

This solution is typically used in ring or bus topologies. The automatic negotiation feature allows connection with other PHY devices at the highest supported speed.